Determinan Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap pada Anak Usia 12-23 Bulan di Indonesia
Abstract
Laporan World Health Organization (WHO) menunjukkan bahwa cakupan imunisasi menurun pada tahun 2020 jika dibandingkan dengan tahun 2019. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis determinan status imunisasi dasar lengkap pada anak usia 12-23 bulan di Indonesia. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross-sectional, menggunakan data sekunder dari Survei Demografi Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) 2017. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 3.687 responden. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase imunisasi dasar lengkap pada anak usia 12-23 bulan di Indonesia pada tahun 2017 adalah sebesar 61,4%. Pendidikan, status ekonomi, jumlah anak, penolong persalinan dan mendapat akses internet memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan imunisasi dasar lengkap (p-value <0,05). Kunjungan Antenatal Care (ANC) merupakan faktor yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan imunisasi dasar lengkap pada anak usia 12-23 bulan di Indonesia (p-value <0,001; PR 4,203 (3,083–5,730)) setelah dikendalikan oleh faktor lain. Kunjungan ANC merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap imunisasi dasar lengkap pada anak usia 12-23 bulan di Indonesia. Peningkatan cakupan ANC pada ibu hamil dan pemberian informasi tentang pentingnya imunisasi dasar oleh tenaga kesehatan selama kunjungan ANC diharapkan meningkatkan kesadaran ibu untuk melakukan imunisasi lengkap pada anaknya, sehingga dapat meningkatkan cakupan imunisasi dasar lengkap pada anak di Indonesia.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33757/jik.v6i2.609
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